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(161) RAJNI Vs. STATE OF UTTAR PRADESH AND ANOTHER[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 20-05-2025
Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015 — Section 2(33), 15, 18(3), 19(1), 94(2) & (3), 111(1) — Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Rules, 2007 — Rule 12(3) — Presumption and determination of age — Procedure for age determination under Section 94(2) JJ Act, 2015 (similar to Rule 12(3) JJ Rules, 2007) mandates reliance on specified documentary evidence (school certificate/matriculation, then birth
India Law Library Docid # 2425909

(162) ALL INDIA JUDGES ASSOCIATION AND OTHERS Vs. UNION OF INDIA AND OTHERS[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 20-05-2025
Judicial Service — Higher Judicial Service — Promotion — Limited Departmental Competitive Examination (LDCE) — Quota increase — Historical evolution — Initially 25% quota for LDCE based on Shetty Commission recommendations and Third AIJA Case — Reduced to 10% in Fourth AIJA Case due to unfilled vacancies and lack of sufficient eligible candidates — Restoring LDCE quota to 25% will incentivize meritorious Civil Judges (Senior Division) for accelerated promotion; provided unfilled seats revert to
India Law Library Docid # 2425910

(163) UNION OF INDIA AND OTHERS Vs. MEGHA TECHNICAL AND ENGINEERS PVT. LTD.[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 20-05-2025
Railways — Penal Freight — Excess Weightage — Imposition without hearing — High Court's view that opportunity of hearing mandatory before imposing penalty for excess weightage is not in conformity with settled principles — Practical difficulties in conducting mini-trial at offloading site
India Law Library Docid # 2426250

(164) UNION OF INDIA AND OTHERS Vs. NO.900224364 CONST/G.D. JAGESHWAR SINGH[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 20-05-2025
Indo Tibetan Border Police Act, 1992 — Section 11 — Misconduct by Constable — Robbery of cash entrusted for protection — Severity of misconduct in disciplined force — Constable on sentry duty guarding cash box containing significant funds for disbursement to Coy personnel — Alleged act of breaking open Kote lock, taking cash, concealing box, and absconding — Incident reported, FIR filed, Court of Enquiry conducted — Guilt established based on multiplicity
India Law Library Docid # 2426251

(165) UNION OF INDIA AND OTHERS Vs. KESANG DORJEE AND OTHERS[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 20-05-2025
Requisitioning and Acquisition of Immovable Property Act, 1952 — Section 3 — Requisition of Property — Public Purpose — Indian Army taking possession of land near Line of Actual Control for public purpose of the Union — Possession taken in purported exercise of powers under Section 3 of the Act, which allows requisition for necessary public purposes. (Paras 3, 7, 13)

B. Requisitioning and Acquisition of Immovable Property Act, 1952 — Section 4 — Taking Physical Possession — Authority vested wi
India Law Library Docid # 2426253

(166) WE THE WOMEN OF INDIA Vs. UNION OF INDIA AND OTHERS[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 20-05-2025
Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005 — Objectives and Constitutional Basis — Enacted to provide effective protection to women victims of domestic violence, furthering the rights guaranteed under the Constitution, particularly Article 15(3) for the protection of women.
India Law Library Docid # 2426258

(167) UNION OF INDIA AND OTHERS Vs. MEGHA TECHNICAL AND ENGINEERS PVT. LTD.[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 20-05-2025
Railways Act, 1989 — Penal Freight — Excess Weight — Requirement of Hearing — Full Bench of High Court holding prior hearing is mandatory before imposing penal freight for excess weight detected on off-loading challenged — Subsequent compliance by Railways and appropriation of deposited penalty amount render the specific case academic, but general issue of conflicting High Court views remain
India Law Library Docid # 2426443

(168) UNION OF INDIA AND OTHERS Vs. NO.900224364 CONST/G.D. JAGESHWAR SINGH[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 20-05-2025
Service Law — Dismissal from service — Para Military Force — Insensitive Border Area — Sentry Duty — Theft of cash from guarded cash box — Gross misconduct involving moral turpitude — Proportionality of punishment — Principle of proportionality is embedded in constitutionalism (Arts. 14, 16, 21) and forbids arbitrary, vengeful
India Law Library Docid # 2426444

(169) M/S PATANJALI FOODS LIMITED (FORMERLY KNOWN AS M/S RUCHI SOYA INDUSTRIES LTD.) Vs. UNION OF INDIA AND OTHERS[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 19-05-2025
Customs Act, 1962 — Section 14(2) — Tariff Value — Notification — Applicability — Dispute arising from import of crude degummed soyabean oil and requirement to pay higher customs duty based on tariff value fixed under Section 14(2) — Contention that relevant notification was not in effect at time of import — High Court initially dismissed challenge to notification and date of effect
India Law Library Docid # 2425836

(170) ROFIQUL HOQUE Vs. THE UNION OF INDIA AND OTHERS[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 19-05-2025
Foreigners Act, 1946 — Section 9 — Burden of Proof — Citizenship — Proceedings before Foreigners Tribunal — Allegations that appellant is a foreigner illegally residing in Assam — Burden on proceedee to prove by cogent documents or evidence that they or their ancestors entered India prior to 25.03.1971.
India Law Library Docid # 2425837

(171) GOPAL DIKSHIT Vs. UNITED INDIA INSURANCE COMPANY LTD.[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 19-05-2025
Consumer Protection Act, 1986 — Section 23 — Appeal against NCDRC order dismissing complaint — House Holder Insurance Policy — Claim for damage due to basement flooding — Repudiation based on “seepage” not being a covered peril — Appellant contends damage due to heavy rain and flooding, a covered peril — Distinction between “seepage” and “flooding” due to heavy rain is crucial — First survey report and expert certificates attribute damage to heavy rainfall and flooding — Second, belated survey r
India Law Library Docid # 2425838

(172) SHIVAPPA REDDY Vs. S. SRINIVASAN[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 19-05-2025
Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 — Section 138 — Dishonour of cheque — Partnership Firm — Liability of Ex-Partner — Retirement — For a registered firm, public notice of retirement under Section 72 of Partnership Act must be given to the Registrar of Firms and by publication in the Official Gazette and a vernacular newspaper — Mere agreement or resignation deed insufficient for discharging ex-partner’s liability unless registered and published — Cheques issued after claimed retirement but before
India Law Library Docid # 2425839

(173) HAKIM Vs. STATE OF NCT OF DELHI AND ANOTHER[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 19-05-2025
Penal Code, 1860 — Section 326A and Section 34 — Voluntarily causing grievous hurt by use of acid, etc. with common intention — Conviction and Sentence — Concurrent findings by Trial Court and High Court — Scope of interference by Supreme Court in criminal appeal arising from special leave — Principles laid down: interference only in exceptional and special circumstances resulting in substantial and grave injustice; avoids reappraisal unless legal/procedural error, misreading/inconsistency in ev
India Law Library Docid # 2425840

(174) RAVINDER SINGH SIDHU Vs. THE STATE OF PUNJAB AND OTHERS[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 19-05-2025
Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 — Section 161 — First Information Report (FIR) — Clubbing/Consolidation — Multiple FIRs in different States concerning similar offences by managing director of a financial company — Petitioner seeking clubbing of FIRs within each State — Prayer for inter-state transfer previously rejected — Court entertained the intra-state clubbing prayer as States did not object — Multiplicity of proceedings against the same accused and involving similar allegations is not in the
India Law Library Docid # 2425841

(175) SHAURABH KUMAR TRIPATHI Vs. VIDHI RAWAL[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 19-05-2025
Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005 — Section 12(1) — Application seeking reliefs — Quashing of proceedings — Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 — Section 482 — Inherent powers of High Court — Whether inherent jurisdiction under Section 482 CrPC can be invoked to quash proceedings initiated under Section 12(1) of the DV Act, 2005 — Proceedings before the Magistrate under the DV Act, 2005, predominantly of a civil nature notwithstanding penal provisions — Application under Section 12(
India Law Library Docid # 2425835

(176) IN RE: REFIXATION OF PENSION CONSIDERINGSERVICE PERIOD IN DISTRICT JUDICIARY AND HIGH COURTS[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 19-05-2025
Constitution of India — Article 221 — Salaries etc., of Additional Judges of High Court — Pension — Entitlement — Discrimination — Definition of “Judge” includes Additional Judge — No artificial discrimination in pension entitlement between Permanent Judge and Additional Judge — Both entitled to same basic pension — Status determined by fortuitous circumstances of vacancy availability — Denial of family pension or gratuity to widow/family of Additional Judge is arbitrary — Family pension and gra
India Law Library Docid # 2425843

(177) STATE OF LOKAYUKTHA POLICE, DAVANAGERE (STATE BY LOKAYUKTHA POLICE) Vs. C.B NAGARAJ[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 19-05-2025
Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 — Sections 7, 13(1)(d) read with 13(2) and 20 — Demand, Acceptance and Recovery — Essential ingredients for conviction — Entire chain beginning from demand, acceptance, and recovery must be completed — Money changing hands not ipso facto presumed to be pursuant to a demand — Where initial demand is suspicious, conviction cannot be sustained even if payment
India Law Library Docid # 2425916

(178) RAJO DEVI AND ANOTHER Vs. MANJEET KAUR AND OTHERS[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 19-05-2025
Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 — General — Claims for compensation — Nature of proceedings — Beneficial legislation aimed at enhancing social justice — Rigours of procedure should not defeat its purpose — Summary nature of trial.
India Law Library Docid # 2425918

(179) IN RE PAY AND ALLOWANCE OF THE MEMBERS OF THE U.P. STATE CONSUMER DISPUTES REDRESSAL COMMISSION[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 19-05-2025
Consumer Protection Act, 2019 — Section 102 — Power of State Government to make rules — Model Rules framed by Central Government — Variances in State Rules regarding pay and allowances of members of State and District Commissions — Necessity for uniform service conditions — Consumer Protection Act, 2019 aimed at better consumer interest protection through established authorities for dispute redressal — Proper remuneration and allowances essential for effective duty discharge by
India Law Library Docid # 2426042

(180) ALL INDIA JUDGES ASSOCIATION AND OTHERS Vs. UNION OF INDIA AND OTHERS[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 16-05-2025
Thirteenth Finance Commission (2010-2015) — Recommendations on Judiciary — Court Managers — Concept of Court Managers introduced to enhance efficiency of court management and improve case disposal by providing administrative support to judges — Recommended creation of post in each judicial district and two per High Court, with estimated annual expenditure of Rs. 60 crore and total for the period of Rs. 300 crore, allocated to states based on number of judicial districts.
India Law Library Docid # 2425760