(1) DINESH KUMAR JALDHARI Vs. STATE OF CHHATTISGARH[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 13-11-2025 Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012 — Sections 9(m) and 10 — Sexual assault on a child below 12 years — Conviction based on the consistent testimony of the victim's mother (PW-3) and the victim's frightened behaviour in court when identifying the accused — Medical evidence, while not showing external India Law Library Docid # 2435224
(2) UNION OF INDIA Vs. VIGIN K. VARGHESE[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 13-11-2025 Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 — Section 37 — Bail — Grant of bail by High Court — Supreme Court sets aside High Court's bail orders for not properly applying Section 37 and ignoring crucial prosecution submissions. India Law Library Docid # 2435225
(3) UNION OF INDIA AND OTHERS Vs. INDRAJ[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 13-11-2025 Administrative Law — Judicial Review — Scope of — High Court exceeded its jurisdiction by re-examining the merits of the case and the quantum of punishment after a due inquiry and admission of guilt by the employee. India Law Library Docid # 2435226
(4) KOPARGAON SAHAKARI SAKHAR KARKHANA LTD (NOW KNOWN AS KARMAVEER SHANKARRAO KALE SHAHKARI SHAKHAR KARKHANA LTD.) Vs. NATIONAL INSURANCE CO. LTD. AND ANOTHER[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 13-11-2025 Insurance Law — Boiler and Pressure Plant Policy — Exclusion Clause — Applicability — Repudiation of claim based on exclusion clause for defects due to deterioration, corrosion, and age — Court held that exclusion clause cannot defeat the main purpose of the insurance contract, which is to indemnify the policyholder against unforeseen events like accidents. India Law Library Docid # 2435227
(5) M/S POLY MEDICURE LTD. Vs. M/S BRILLIO TECHNOLOGIES PVT. LTD[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 13-11-2025 Consumer Protection Act, 1986 — Section 2(1)(d) — Definition of "consumer" — Commercial purpose — Company purchasing software for automating business processes — Purpose held to be augmenting efficiency and increasing profits — Not for earning livelihood by self-employment — Appellant not a consumer. India Law Library Docid # 2435228
(6) IN RE: SARANDA WILDLIFE SANCTUARY[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 13-11-2025 Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972 — Section 18, 26A — Declaration of sanctuary — State Government's failure to act on National Green Tribunal directions to consider declaring Saranda Forest area as a sanctuary and notifying Eco-Sensitive Zone — Supreme Court directs State to file affidavit explaining delay — Proposal for Saranda Wildlife Sanctuary and Sasangdaburu Conservation Reserve submitted by State — India Law Library Docid # 2435229
(7) SANJAY TIWARI Vs. YUGAL KISHORE PRASAD SAO AND OTHERS[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 12-11-2025 Civil Procedure Code, 1908 (CPC) — Order 8 Rule 6A — Counter-claim — Specific wording of the rule states that a counter-claim shall be against the plaintiff — It cannot be directed against a co-defendant — While a counter-claim can be based on a different cause of action than the suit, it must be incidental or connected to the suit's cause of action. India Law Library Docid # 2435180
(8) K. SUBRAMANIAM (DIED) THROUGH LRS K.S. BALAKRISHNAN AND OTHERS Vs. M/S KRISHNA MILLS PVT.LTD.[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 11-11-2025 Tamil Nadu Buildings (Lease and Rent Control) Act, 1960 — Section 10(2)(i) — Wilful default in payment of rent — Eviction sought on the ground of wilful default — Lessee challenged fair rent fixation but did not seek stay of its operation — Payments made belatedly after protracted litigation — Conduct inconsistent with bona India Law Library Docid # 2435150
(9) SURENDRA KOLI Vs. THE STATE OF UTTAR PRADESH AND ANOTHER[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 11-11-2025 Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 — Section 164 — Confession — Admissibility — Curative jurisdiction — Inconsistency in judgments on identical evidence — Petitioner convicted and sentenced to death based on a confession recorded under Section 164 CrPC and recoveries under Section 27 Evidence Act — Subsequently, in India Law Library Docid # 2435151
(10) KAPADAM SANGALAPPA AND OTHERS Vs. KAMATAM SANGALAPPA AND OTHERS[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 11-11-2025 Civil Procedure Code, 1908 — Section 92 — Representative suit — Long-standing dispute over religious rituals and custody of deity idols and paraphernalia between two sects — First suit dismissed, appeal also dismissed — District Judge observed that a fresh suit could be filed in a representative capacity under Section 92 CPC for proper management of endowment — Subsequent suit filed in representative capacity during pendency of which a compromise decree was passed — High Court rightly set India Law Library Docid # 2435152
(11) IN RE : DELHI RIDGE[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 11-11-2025 Environmental Law — Delhi Ridge — Morphological Ridge — The court considered the concept of "Morphological Ridge," which includes areas outside the officially notified Ridge but possess similar geological and geomorphological features, and emphasized the need for its protection and identification. India Law Library Docid # 2435153
(12) RIYAS Vs. P. N. SHINOSH AND ANOTHER[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 10-11-2025 Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 — Section 166 — Claims Tribunal — Enhancement of compensation — High Court enhanced compensation awarded by Claims Tribunal for a 14-year-old minor student who suffered 77.1% permanent disability due to a motor accident. Supreme Court reviewed the calculation of compensation. India Law Library Docid # 2435075
(13) NANDKUMAR @ NANDU MANILAL MUDALIAR Vs. STATE OF GUJARAT[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 10-11-2025 Penal Code, 1860 (IPC) — Sections 302, 504, 324 — Conviction for murder and causing insult with intent to provoke breach of peace — Appeal against High Court judgment confirming conviction — Appellant convicted for murder and causing insult, acquitted of voluntarily causing hurt by dangerous weapons or means — Case India Law Library Docid # 2435076
(14) AKULA NARAYANA Vs. THE ORIENTAL INSURANCE COMPANY LIMITED AND ANOTHER[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 10-11-2025 Motor Vehicles Act, 1988, Section 147 — Insurance policy — Statutory policy — Coverage of gratuitous passengers — A gratuitous passenger, other than the driver, cleaner, or conductor, is not considered a third party under a statutory policy, meaning the insurer is not liable for their injuries. India Law Library Docid # 2435077
(15) R. RAJENDRAN Vs. KAMAR NISHA AND OTHERS[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 10-11-2025 Evidence Act, 1872 — Section 112 — Presumption of legitimacy — Conclusive proof of legitimacy of a child born during a valid marriage — Can only be rebutted by proving non-access between spouses at the time the child could have been conceived — Presumption favours legitimacy and law frowns upon illegitimacy — Burden to India Law Library Docid # 2435078
(16) MITC ROLLING MILLS PRIVATE LIMITED AND ANOTHER Vs. M/S. RENUKA REALTORS AND OTHERS[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 10-11-2025 Commercial Courts Act, 2015 — Section 13(1A) — Appealability of orders — Order rejecting plaint under Order VII Rule 11 CPC is a decree and is appealable under Section 13(1A) of CCA, 2015 — Proviso to Section 13(1A) restricting appeals to those in Order XLIII CPC applies only to interlocutory orders and not to a decree like rejection of plaint. India Law Library Docid # 2435079
(17) COMMISSIONER OF SERVICE TAX Vs. M/S ELEGANT DEVELOPERS[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 10-11-2025 Finance Act, 1994 — Sections 65(88), 65(105)(v) — Real Estate Agent — Definition — Taxability of services — Respondent engaged in purchasing land, identifying, demarcating, and facilitating transfer to a developer for a fixed rate per acre — Profit/loss margin based on difference between acquisition cost and fixed rate India Law Library Docid # 2435080
(18) K.S. MANJUNATH AND OTHERS Vs. MOORASAVIRAPPA@MUTTANNA CHENNAPPA BATIL, SINCE DECEASED BY HIS LRS AND OTHERS[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 10-11-2025 Specific Relief Act, 1963 — Section 14(c) and Section 16(c) — Agreement to Sell (ATS) — Termination — Determinable Contracts — Bona Fide Purchaser — Readiness and Willingness — Whether a suit for specific performance is maintainable without seeking a declaration that the termination of the ATS was invalid — Principles governing unilateral termination of a non-determinable agreement — The Supreme Court held that unilateral termination of a non-determinable agreement to India Law Library Docid # 2435081
(19) LIPI BOILERS LTD. Vs. THE COMMISSIONER OF CENTRAL EXCISE, AURANGABAD[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 10-11-2025 Central Excise Act, 1944 — Section 3 and Section 4 — Levy vs. Measurement — Central excise duty is levied on manufacture or production of goods (Section 3), while Section 4 provides the measure for calculating that duty — The measure of tax (Section 4) should not be confused with the nature of the tax itself — Including value of bought out items in assessable value is a measure for computation after excisability India Law Library Docid # 2435082
(20) THE STATE OF MAHARASHTRA AND OTHERS Vs. MOHAMMAD AFZAL MOHAMMAD SHARIF[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 07-11-2025 Secularism — Institutional Secularism — Communal Riots — Investigation Team Composition — Direction to form SIT with officers from different religious communities is to ensure transparency and fairness in investigation of communal riots, not to prejudge communal bias. India Law Library Docid # 2434964