(1) ATOMBERG TECHNOLOGIES PRIVATE LTD. Vs. EUREKA FORBES LIMITED AND ANOTHER[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 17-10-2025 Patents Act, 1970 — Section 106 — Groundless threat of infringement — Independent cause of action — The suit for groundless threat of infringement under Section 106 of the Patents Act, 1970, has an independent cause of action from a suit for infringement, as a negatory provision present in the earlier 1911 Act was deleted in the 1970 Act. Prior to 1970 Act, a suit for groundless threats would not apply if an India Law Library Docid # 2434052
(2) SANJAY KUMAR MISHRA AND OTHERS Vs. DISTRICT JUDGE, AMBEDKAR NAGAR (U.P.)[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 17-10-2025 Service Law — Appointment — Vacancies — Advertisement — Increased or decreased vacancies — Rule permitting appointment from wait list — Interpretation of "reasonable dimension" for wait list — Appointments made in excess of advertised vacancies justified if within reasonable period and proportion to notified vacancies, provided specific conditions in rules are met. India Law Library Docid # 2434053
(3) STATE OF RAJASTHAN AND OTHERS Vs. ANISUR RAHMAN[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 17-10-2025 Service Law — Retirement Age — Parity — Doctors practising allopathy versus indigenous medicine (Ayurveda, Homeopathy, Unani etc.) — Whether can be treated equally for service conditions, specifically retirement age and pay scales — Supreme Court refers the matter to a larger Bench for an authoritative pronouncement due to divergence of opinion and ambiguity. India Law Library Docid # 2434054
(4) RAJENDRA BIHARI LAL AND ANOTHER Vs. STATE OF UTTAR PRADESH AND OTHERS[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 17-10-2025 Uttar Pradesh Prohibition of Unlawful Conversion of Religion Act, 2021 — Section 4 (unamended) — Person competent to lodge FIR — Essential Nature — Prohibition Act is a special legislation and its procedure must be followed, overriding general CrPC provisions for FIR registration by police — Prior to 2024 Amendment, Section 4 restricted FIR lodging to aggrieved persons or their relatives by blood, India Law Library Docid # 2434055
(5) PRIDE FORAMER S.A. @ HASH COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX AND ANOTHER[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 17-10-2025 Income Tax Act, 1961 — Section 37(1) and Section 71 — Business Expenditure — Carrying on Business — A temporary lull in business or failure to secure a new contract does not amount to cessation of business if the assessee's conduct evinces an intention to continue business, such as through continuous correspondence and bidding for new contracts. India Law Library Docid # 2434056
(6) KOTRESH @ KOTRAPPA Vs. STATE OF KARNATAKA AND ANOTHER[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 17-10-2025 Penal Code, 1860 — Section 304 Part-II — Culpable homicide not amounting to murder — Sentence — Appeal against High Court’s reduction of sentence from 10 years to 8 years rigorous imprisonment — Appellant was 20 years old at the time of the incident — Victim was an innocent intervenor — Supreme Court held that the sentence imposed by the High Court was balanced and principled and did not warrant India Law Library Docid # 2434057
(7) KANNAIYA Vs. STATE OF MADHYA PRADESH[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 17-10-2025 Penal Code, 1860 — Section 302 read with Section 34 — Murder — Appeal against conviction — Appellants convicted by trial court and conviction upheld by High Court — Supreme Court re-appreciated evidence — Prosecution relied on two alleged eyewitnesses — One eyewitness, Puniya (PW-12), gave a version contradictory to FIR regarding genesis and place of occurrence; failed to assist victim; India Law Library Docid # 2434058
(8) JANE KAUSHIK Vs. UNION OF INDIA AND OTHERS[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 17-10-2025 Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act, 2019 and Rules, 2020 — Implementation — Lethargy, apathy, inaction on part of Union and States — Non-state establishments also in cold freeze of compliance — Serious concern — Community faces discrimination, marginalization, scarcity of healthcare, economic opportunities, non-inclusive education policies — Despite recognition of rights in India Law Library Docid # 2434060
(9) ZOHARBEE AND ANOTHER Vs. IMAM KHAN (D) THR. LRS. AND OTHERS[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 16-10-2025 Transfer of Property Act, 1882 — Sections 54, 55 — Agreement to Sell vs. Sale Deed — An agreement to sell by itself does not create any interest or charge on the property. Ownership passes only upon execution of a conveyance (sale deed). An agreement to sell, even with possession, is not a conveyance and does not confer title or transfer interest, except for the limited right under Section 53-A for protection against the transferor. India Law Library Docid # 2434010
(10) LEELAVATHI N. AND OTHERS Vs. THE STATE OF KARNATAKA AND OTHERS[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 16-10-2025 Administrative Law — Alternate Remedy — High Court should not entertain writ petitions when an effective alternative remedy is available under law, like before a Tribunal. India Law Library Docid # 2434011
(11) LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL U.P. LUCKNOW AND OTHERS Vs. SUSHIL KUMAR AND OTHERS[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 16-10-2025 Constitution of India, 1950 — Article 226 — Criminal Procedure Code, 1973, Section 156(3) — Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) — Power to direct CBI investigation — Such power must be exercised sparingly, cautiously, and only in exceptional situations to ensure credibility and confidence in investigations, or where the incident has national/international ramifications, or to do complete justice — Routine directions based on mere allegations or subjective lack of confidence in local India Law Library Docid # 2434012
(12) LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL U.P. LUCKNOW AND OTHERS Vs. SUSHIL KUMAR AND OTHERS[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 16-10-2025 Constitution of India, 1950 — Articles 226 and 32 — Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) Investigation — Power to direct CBI investigation is extraordinary and must be exercised sparingly, cautiously, and in exceptional situations, not as a routine measure or merely on allegations. India Law Library Docid # 2434059
(13) KARAM SINGH Vs. AMARJIT SINGH AND OTHERS[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 15-10-2025 Civil Procedure Code, 1908 (CPC) — Order 7 Rule 11(d) — Rejection of plaint — Suit barred by law — Court can only consider averments in the plaint to determine if the suit is barred by law, not the defense — The issue of limitation, especially when it is a mixed question of law and fact, cannot be a ground for rejecting the plaint at the threshold under Order VII Rule 11(d) CPC. India Law Library Docid # 2434005
(14) MANORMA SINHA AND ANOTHER Vs. THE DIVISIONAL MANAGER, ORIENTAL INSURANCE COMPANY LIMITED AND ANOTHER[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 15-10-2025 Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 — Section 166 — Compensation — Calculation — Inclusions in calculation of loss of dependency — Allowances and perks beneficial to the family should be included when calculating income, irrespective of taxability — Exclusion of allowances by High Court as per pay slip was an error — Tribunal's calculation of monthly income including allowances was correct. India Law Library Docid # 2434006
(15) PRADYUMNA MUKUND KOKIL Vs. NASHIK MUNICIPAL CORPORATION AND OTHERS[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 15-10-2025 Maharashtra Regional and Town Planning Act, 1966 (MRTP Act), Section 127 — Lapsed reservation — Land initially reserved for public purposes but not acquired within stipulated period under MRTP Act — Reservation lapses, giving original owner right to seek development or re-acquisition. India Law Library Docid # 2434007
(16) THE UNION OF INDIA AND OTHERS Vs. SUBIT KUMAR DAS[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 15-10-2025 Service Law — Recruitment Rules — Absorption of waitlisted candidate — A waitlisted candidate does not have a vested right to be appointed. The right to consideration arises only if a selected candidate does not join. The waitlist has a limited operational period and cannot extend indefinitely, especially after a fresh recruitment process has begun. India Law Library Docid # 2434008
(17) M.C. MEHTA Vs. UNION OF INDIA AND OTHERS[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 15-10-2025 Environmental Law — Pollution Control — Firecrackers — Right to Life vs. Right to Profession — Balancing Exercise — While commercial interests and festive spirit cannot override health and environmental concerns, total prohibition of firecrackers may be unreasonable if alternatives causing less pollution exist. Court must balance livelihood of industry workers with public health. India Law Library Docid # 2434015
(18) VARUN KUMAR ALIAS SONU Vs. THE STATE OF HIMACHAL PRADESH AND OTHERS[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 14-10-2025 Penal Code, 1860 — Sections 363, 366, 376, 377 — Kidnapping, Abduction, Rape, Unnatural Offences — Appeal against High Court judgment convicting appellant after trial court acquittal — Dispute centered on evidence and credibility of victim — High Court’s re-appreciation of evidence and conviction upheld. India Law Library Docid # 2433944
(19) ALAN MERVYN ARTHUR STEPHENSON Vs. J. XAVIER JAYARAJAN[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 14-10-2025 Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 — Section 11(5) — Appointment of Arbitrator — Partnership deed with arbitration clause — Limitation period — Claim for recovery of amounts paid under partnership agreement — Purchase of land occurred on 04.05.2016 — Amounts paid prior to this date were alleged to have not India Law Library Docid # 2433945
(20) STATE OF MADHYA PRADESH Vs. JANVED SINGH[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 14-10-2025 Penal Code, 1860 — Sections 302, 304B, 498A, 201 — Homicidal Death — Dowry Harassment — Fabrication to Conceal Death — Medical evidence confirmed death by strangulation and post-mortem burn injuries, falsifying accused's claim of electrocution. Accused's false report and uncorroborated alibi for being away at the time of death established a chain of incriminating circumstances — Trial court India Law Library Docid # 2433946