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(161) ESAKKIMUTHU AND OTHERS Vs. STATE REPRESENTED BY THE INSPECTOR OF POLICE[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 22-07-2025
Penal Code, 1860 — Sections 302, 34, 120B — Murder — Appeal against conviction and sentence for murder — Key eyewitness evidence of the deceased’s son and wife — Distance allegedly covered on bicycle within thirty minutes questioned — Improbability of covering 16 kilometers in that timeframe raised substantial doubt
India Law Library Docid # 2427992

(162) UNITED BANK OF INDIA (NOW PUNJAB NATIONAL BANK) Vs. SWAPAN KUMAR MULLICK AND OTHERS[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 22-07-2025
Pension Regulations — Resignation Versus Voluntary Retirement — Forfeiture of service and disqualification for pension in case of resignation is distinct from voluntary retirement, which generally preserves retiral benefits. Resignation is a voluntary relinquishment that can be offered anytime, while voluntary retirement requires completion of prescribed service and employer acceptance. Substitution of
India Law Library Docid # 2428308

(163) SABAVATH NEELAVATHY Vs. NOMULA ASHOK KUMAR GOUD AND OTHERS[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 22-07-2025
Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 — Section 200, 202, 203, 482 — Complaint Case — Summoning Order — High Court Setting Aside — Magistrate took cognizance of offences under Sections 420, 506 IPC and Sections 3(1)(iv)(v)(x) of SC/ST (POA) Act based on protest petition treated as complaint — High Court set aside summoning
India Law Library Docid # 2428310

(164) KHURSHEED AHMAD CHOHAN Vs. UNION OF TERRITORY OF JAMMU AND KASHMIR AND OTHERS ETC.[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 21-07-2025
Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 — Section 154 — Registration of FIR — Mandatory under Section 154 CrPC when information discloses commission of a cognizable offence — No preliminary inquiry is permissible in such cases except to ascertain if cognizable offence is disclosed or not — Police officer cannot avoid duty of registering FIR if cognizable offence is disclosed — Action must be taken against erring officers who do not register FIR.
India Law Library Docid # 2427980

(165) TAMIL NADU HOUSING BOARD, REP. BY ITS MANAGING DIRECTOR AND OTHERS Vs. S. GANESAN[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 21-07-2025
Contract Law — Allotment of Property — Breach of contract by bidder — Failure to make initial deposit — Cancellation of allotment — Plea for revocation and subsequent compliance — Board's revised demand and bidder's continued default — Judicial intervention and directions — Non-compliance with court orders — Public property management — Prioritization of public interest over individual claims
India Law Library Docid # 2428068

(166) NIKITA JAGGANATH SHETTY @ NIKITA VISHWAJEET JADHAV Vs. THE STATE OF MAHARASHTRA AND ANOTHER[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 21-07-2025
Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 — Section 438 — Anticipatory Bail — Exceptional Remedy — High Court erred in granting pre-arrest bail when allegations were grave and accused had criminal antecedents — Anticipatory bail is an extraordinary remedy that should not be granted routinely, requiring strong reasons and cautious discretion for serious offences, as it can lead to miscarriage of justice or
India Law Library Docid # 2427977

(167) VICTIM ‘X’ Vs. STATE OF BIHAR AND ANOTHER[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 21-07-2025
Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989 – Section 15A(3) – Victim’s Right to be Heard – Bail granted by High Court without impleading or hearing the victim is in violation of the statutory mandate of Section 15A(3) of the SC/ST Act.
India Law Library Docid # 2427978

(168) METPALLI LASUM BAI (SINCE DEAD) AND OTHERS Vs. METAPALLI MUTHAIH(D) BY LRS.[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 21-07-2025
Hindu Succession Act, 1956 — Property devolving upon death of coparcener — Where landholder died intestate prior to 1949, properties devolved upon his legal heirs according to the law prevalent at that time.
India Law Library Docid # 2427979

(169) SURESH CHANDRA (DECEASED) THR. LRS. AND OTHERS Vs. PARASRAM AND OTHERS[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 18-07-2025
Civil Procedure Code, 1908 — Order 22 Rules 3, 4, 9, 11, 12, and Order 41 Rule 4 — Abatement of Appeal — Non-substitution of LR of deceased co-appellant — Test for whole appeal abating — Conflict or inconsistency in decrees — Survival of right to sue — Severability of decree — Joint and indivisible decree — Distinction between filing appeal jointly and one party appealing impleading others as proforma
India Law Library Docid # 2427937

(170) BGM AND M-RPL-JMCT (JV) Vs. EASTERN COALFIELDS LIMITED[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 18-07-2025
Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 — Section 11 — Appointment of Arbitrator — Existence of arbitration agreement — High Court dismissed appellant’s application under Section 11 on the ground that no arbitration agreement existed — Clause 13 of contract relied upon as arbitration agreement — Clause stated that for parties other than Govt. Agencies, redressal of disputes “may be sought” through arbitration —
India Law Library Docid # 2427938

(171) KAUSHAL SINGH Vs. THE STATE OF RAJASHTAN[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 18-07-2025
Constitution of India, 1950 — Article 227 — Penal Code, 1860 — Sections 147, 323, 341, 325, 307, 427, 149 — Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 — Sections 439, 439(2) — Supreme Court’s Role and Judicial Restraint — High Courts should generally refrain from passing strictures against judicial officers. Strictures should only be passed in exceptional circumstances and after providing an opportunity to the
India Law Library Docid # 2427939

(172) MALA CHOUDHARY AND ANOTHER Vs. STATE OF TELANGANA AND ANOTHER[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 18-07-2025
Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 — Section 482 — Penal Code, 1860, Sections 406 and 420 — Quashing of FIR — Abuse of Process of Law — High Court dismissed petition for quashing FIR without addressing merits, treating a civil dispute as criminal — Supreme Court interfered to secure ends of justice, finding the FIR to be a misuse of criminal machinery for a purely civil matter.
India Law Library Docid # 2427940

(173) NARAYAN DAS Vs. STATE OF CHHATTISGARH[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 17-07-2025
Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 — Sections 8, 20(c), 21(c), 32-B — Conviction and sentencing — Interpretation of Section 32-B regarding factors for imposing higher than minimum punishment — Court's discretion not limited to factors enumerated in Section 32-B(a)-(f) — Quantity of contraband and other relevant factors can be considered.
India Law Library Docid # 2427981

(174) M SAMBASIVA RAO Vs. THE STATE OF ANDHRA PRADESH[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 17-07-2025
Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 — Sections 7, 13(1)(d), 13(2) read with Section 120B of Indian Penal Code, 1860 — Demand and acceptance of bribe — Essential to prove demand and acceptance by public servant — Mere acceptance of illegal gratification without demand is not an offence — Prosecution must prove foundational facts through oral or documentary evidence — Presumption under
India Law Library Docid # 2427890

(175) SUNITA AND OTHERS Vs. UNITED INDIA INSURANCE CO. LTD. AND OTHERS[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 17-07-2025
Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 — Section 10(2)(d) & 2(21) — Driving Licence for Light Motor Vehicle (LMV) — Validity for driving commercial vehicle with Gross Vehicle Weight not exceeding 7500 kg — Driver possessing LMV license can drive transport vehicle up to 7500 kg without additional endorsement — Constitutional Bench decision in Bajaj Alliance General Insurance Co. Ltd. v. Rambha Devi affirmed Mukund Dewangan v. Oriental Insurance Co. Ltd.
India Law Library Docid # 2427891

(176) RAM CHARAN AND OTHERS Vs. SUKHRAM AND OTHERS[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 17-07-2025
Hindu Succession Act, 1956 — Section 2(2) — Exclusion of Scheduled Tribes — The Act does not apply to members of Scheduled Tribes unless the Central Government directs otherwise by notification.

B. Customary Law — Proof of Custom — A custom must be proved with evidence of usage in fact and not merely by stating that it is a custom. General statements are not sufficient to establish a custom.
India Law Library Docid # 2427892

(177) GURDIAL SINGH (DEAD) THROUGH LR Vs. JAGIR KAUR (DEAD) AND ANOTHER ETC[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 17-07-2025
Succession Act, 1925, Sections 63, 68 — Indian Evidence Act, 1872, Section 68 — Proof of Will — Propounder has to prove due execution and dispel suspicious circumstances — Suspicious circumstances include shaky signature, feeble mind, unfair disposition, propounder benefiting significantly — Absence of reasoned disinheritance of natural heir, especially wife, qualifies as a suspicious circumstance
India Law Library Docid # 2427893

(178) M/S SONALI POWER EQUIPMENTS PVT. LTD. Vs. CHAIRMAN, MAHARASHTRA STATE ELECTRICITY BOARD, MUMBAI AND OTHERS[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 17-07-2025
Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development Act, 2006 (MSMED Act) — Section 18(2) — Conciliation proceedings — Applicability of Limitation Act — The Limitation Act does not apply to conciliation proceedings under Section 18(2) of the MSMED Act, as conciliation is a non-adjudicatory process based on negotiation and settlement, not a judicial or coercive process.
India Law Library Docid # 2427894

(179) MALA DEVI Vs. UNION OF INDIA AND OTHERS[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 16-07-2025
Pension Law — Family Pension — Eligibility of ‘Substitutes’ in Railways — deceased husband of the appellant was appointed as a ‘Substitute Waterman’ and died in harness after serving for 9 years, 8 months, and 26 days — Railways denied family pension on the grounds that his service was not regularized and did not meet the 10-year qualifying period for family pension — Appellant contended that as per Indian
India Law Library Docid # 2427876

(180) KRISHNA SWAROOP AGARWAL (DEAD) THR. LR. Vs. ARVIND KUMAR[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 16-07-2025
Transfer of Property Act, 1882 — Section 106 — Notice terminating tenancy — Service by registered post — Return with endorsement “ND” (Not Delivered) — General Clauses Act, 1897 — Section 27 — Deemed service — High Court set aside ejectment decree solely on ground of “ND” endorsement, misinterpreting deemed service provisions — Supreme Court held High Court erred in not considering Section
India Law Library Docid # 2427877