(21) PANKAJ PRAKASH AND ANOTHER Vs. UNITED INDIA INSURANCE COMPANY LIMITED AND ANOTHER[DELHI HIGH COURT] 17-07-2026 Civil Procedure Code, 1908 (CPC) — Section 114 and Order 47 Rule 1 — Scope of review jurisdiction — Held, very limited — Maintainable only on discovery of new and important matter/evidence not within knowledge despite due diligence, or mistake/error apparent on the face of the record — Error must be self-evident, not one requiring a long-drawn India Law Library Docid # 2447731
(22) ASHOK KUMAR AND OTHERS Vs. PREM NATH[DELHI HIGH COURT] 17-07-2026 Civil Procedure Code, 1908 (CPC) —Section 96 & Order 41 Rule 27 — First Appeal and Additional Evidence — Application for additional documents allowed but appeal dismissed on merits — Appellants filed applications under Order 41 Rule 27 CPC to place on record additional documents India Law Library Docid # 2447732
(23) RAVINDER SONI AND OTHERS Vs. SANATAN DHARAM SABHA HARI MANDIR (REGD.)[DELHI HIGH COURT] 17-07-2026 Civil Procedure Code, 1908 (CPC) — Section 100 — Second Appeal — Interference with concurrent findings of fact — When permissible — The High Court, in a Regular Second Appeal, can only consider and adjudicate upon substantial questions of law arising from the impugned judgment — Where the courts below correctly appreciated facts to observe that the reliefs claimed by the plaintiffs regarding unauthorized construction India Law Library Docid # 2447733
(24) NIWAS SURENDER KUMAR AND COMPANY Vs. UNION OF INDIA AND ANOTHER[DELHI HIGH COURT] 17-07-2026 Railways Act, 1989 — Section 93 — Scope and nature of statutory liability — Onus of proof — Section 93 fastens a statutory strict liability upon the Railway Administration as an insurer, rather than a mere bailee, to compensate for the loss, destruction, damage, or non-delivery of goods carried — The statutory exceptions carved out under the section do not confer blanket immunity — To escape liability, the burden rests squarely upon the Railways to demonstrably discharge India Law Library Docid # 2447734
(25) GORDHAN Vs. RAMCHANDRA S/O GANPAT (DECD.) THR. LRS ARJUN AND OTHERS[MADHYA PRADESH HIGH COURT (INDORE BENCH)] 17-07-2026 Civil Procedure Code, 1908 (CPC) — Order 7 Rule 11 — Section 11 — Res Judicata — Suit for declaration, injunction, partition, and mesne profits — Trial court dismissed suit on the ground of res judicata before recording evidence — Held, the issue of res judicata cannot be decided at the stage of Order 7 Rule 11 application as it requires India Law Library Docid # 2447767
(26) SONAM JOSHI Vs. VINOD KUMAR SAHNEY AND OTHERS[PUNJAB AND HARYANA HIGH COURT] 17-07-2026 Civil Procedure Code, 1908 — Order 1 Rule 10 — Impleadment of parties in suit for specific performance — Suit for specific performance of agreement to sell filed by plaintiff against vendor — Third parties claiming independent title through succession from deceased grandmother, alleging Will set up by vendor forged, sought impleadment India Law Library Docid # 2447810
(27) BALBIR SINGH Vs. STATE OF U.T., CHANDIGARH[PUNJAB AND HARYANA HIGH COURT] 17-07-2026 Prevention of Food Adulteration Act, 1954 — Sections 7(1) and 16(1)(a)(i) — Probation of Offenders Act, 1958/Section 360 Cr.P.C. — Applicability barred — Section 20AA of the PFA Act excludes the benefit of the Probation of Offenders Act, 1958 and Section 360 Cr.P.C. to a person convicted under the PFA Act unless he was below 18 years of age at the time of the offence — Where the petitioner was 44 years India Law Library Docid # 2447812
(28) JANPAL SINGH Vs. OM PARKASH AND OTHERS[PUNJAB AND HARYANA HIGH COURT] 17-07-2026 Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 — Claim petition — Standard of proof — Preponderance of probabilities — Proceedings before the Motor Accident Claims Tribunal are summary in nature and negligence is to be proved on the touchstone of preponderance of probabilities, not beyond reasonable doubt — However, this relaxed standard does not dispense with the claimant's obligation to lay a credible factual India Law Library Docid # 2447813
(29) DAKSHINAMOORTHI AND OTHERS Vs. NARAYANASAMY NAICKER(DIED) AND OTHERS[MADRAS HIGH COURT] 17-07-2026 Family Law — Partition — Oral Partition — Burden of Proof — The party claiming an oral partition bears the burden of proving it with cogent and contemporaneous documentary evidence, not merely on the preponderance of probabilities — Mere separate enjoyment for convenience does not equate to a legal India Law Library Docid # 2447854
(30) NATIONAL LEGAL SERVICES AUTHORITY Vs. UNION OF INDIA AND OTHERS[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 16-07-2026 Constitution of India, 1950 — Articles 21, 32, 14, 142 — Prisoners, rights of — Elderly and terminally ill convicts — Continued incarceration despite advanced age (above 70 years) or terminal illness — Held, imprisonment does not suspend constitutional guarantees of dignity and humane treatment — Right to life under Art. India Law Library Docid # 2447675
(31) M/S BAJAJ TRADING COMPANY Vs. UNION OF INDIA[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 16-07-2026 Railways Act, 1989 — Section 93 vis-a-vis S. 97 — Non obstante clause — Effect of — Non obstante clause in S. 97 excludes general obligation of railway administration under S. 93 — Where goods booked at "owner's risk" rate, liability of Railways can be fastened only upon proof of negligence or misconduct on part of railway administration or its servants — General India Law Library Docid # 2447677
(32) RAHUL S/o. RAMNARAYAN MADANKAR AND ANOTHER Vs. THE NEW INDIA ASSURANCE COMPANY LIMITED AND OTHERS[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 16-07-2026 Compassionate Appointment — Scheme for Compassionate Appointment in Public Sector General Insurance Companies, Cl. 1.1 — Age threshold of 55 years — Employer's delay in scrutiny — Effect — Employee applying for voluntary retirement on medical grounds before attaining 55 years, supported by Government medical certificate, sending reminders before crossing age threshold — Employer India Law Library Docid # 2447678
(33) BASAMMA AND ANOTHER Vs. GOPARAPPA AND OTHERS[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 16-07-2026 Constitution of India, 1950 — Article 226 — Writ of certiorari — Scope and limits of — Certiorari jurisdiction is supervisory, not appellate — High Court cannot review or reweigh evidence, or substitute its own findings for those of subordinate courts — Interference permissible only for errors of jurisdiction, patent illegality, or findings based on no evidence — India Law Library Docid # 2447676
(34) PRANESH M.K. Vs. A.V. GAYATHRI SHANTHEGOWDA AND OTHERS ETC. ETC.[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 16-07-2026 Constitution of India, 1950 — Articles 243-R, 171(3)(a) and Part IX-A — Nominated members of Municipalities/Town Panchayats — Voting rights — Art. 243-R read with the proviso to Section 352(1)(b), Karnataka Municipalities Act, 1964, bars nominated members from voting in meetings of the Municipality/Town Panchayat — Held, such nominated members cannot claim voting rights in elections to the Legislative Council either — Constitutional distinction between elected and nominated India Law Library Docid # 2447726
(35) DABBU @ DEV SONKHARE Vs. STATE OF MADHYA PRADESH[MADHYA PRADESH HIGH COURT] 16-07-2026 Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 (CrPC) — Circumstantial evidence — Conviction requires a complete chain of circumstances that are consistent only with the guilt of the accused and exclude every other hypothesis, leaving no reasonable ground for innocence. India Law Library Docid # 2447765
(36) KHALEEL AND OTHERS Vs. THE STATE OF MADHYA PRADESH AND OTHERS[MADHYA PRADESH HIGH COURT (GWALIOR BENCH)] 16-07-2026 Penal Code, 1860 (IPC) — Section 307 — Attempt to murder — Essential ingredients — Act done with intention or knowledge and under circumstances that would amount to murder if death resulted — Nature of injury is not determinative — Intention is gathered from circumstances, not just consequences. India Law Library Docid # 2447766
(37) CHANDER SINGH (DECEASED) THROUGH HIS LRS AND OTHERS Vs. BALBIR AND OTHERS[PUNJAB AND HARYANA HIGH COURT] 16-07-2026 Hindu Succession — Mutation of inheritance — Partial mutation excluding co-heirs — Effect — Where the propositus's estate in one village was mutated in favour of all his legal heirs but his estate in another village was mutated only in favour of some heirs to the exclusion of others, the excluded heirs' claim to a share cannot be India Law Library Docid # 2447811
(38) BESTECH INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED Vs. FAKIRA SINGH (NOW SUBSTITUTED BY HIS LRS) AND ANOTHER[PUNJAB AND HARYANA HIGH COURT] 16-07-2026 Commercial Courts Act, 2015 — Order 11 Rule 1(10) CPC (as applicable to commercial disputes) — Mandatory disclosure regime — Order XI, as substituted for commercial disputes, casts a mandatory obligation on every party to disclose all documents in its power, possession, control or custody along with its pleadings, and bars reliance on undisclosed documents unless reasonable cause is shown — The India Law Library Docid # 2447814
(39) M/S ASTRA LIGHTING LTD. LALRU THROUGH ITS CHAIRMAN Vs. SANJAY KUMAR AND OTHERS[PUNJAB AND HARYANA HIGH COURT] 16-07-2026 Transfer of Property — Sale by co-sharer in excess of share — Effect on rights of true owner — Where a co-sharer sells land in excess of his own share, encroaching upon the share of another co-sharer, the sale deed to that extent is void ab initio and does not bind the rights of the true owner whose share was wrongly alienated, notwithstanding that the vendee subsequently transferred the land to further India Law Library Docid # 2447815
(40) MANOJ KUMAR Vs. AMI LAL AND OTHERS[PUNJAB AND HARYANA HIGH COURT] 16-07-2026 Specific Relief Act, 1963 — Section 16(c) — Readiness and willingness — Burden on plaintiff, independent of defendant's conduct — A plaintiff seeking specific performance must clear the statutory bar under Section 16(c) by proving continuous readiness and willingness to perform the essential terms of the contract, dehors the defence raised by the defendant — Mere purchase of stamp paper and an India Law Library Docid # 2447816