(121) UNION OF INDIA AND OTHERS Vs. RAMDHANI PRASAD[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 24-09-2026 Constitution of India — Article 311(1) — Railway Protection Force Act, 1957 — Sections 4, 6 & 9 — Railway Protection Force Rules, 1959 — Rules 20 & 43 read with Schedules I & II — Termination/Removal from service — Competency of removing authority — Respondent, a Rakshak in the Railway Protection Special Force (RPSF), was issued a call letter dated 03.05.1979 by the Commandant to report for initial training — Upon successful completion of training, formal appointment order was issued on 04.12.19 India Law Library Docid # 2453435
(122) NAVAL KISHORE AND ANOTHER Vs. STATE OF PUNJAB[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 24-09-2026 Penal Code, 1860 (IPC) — Section 302 read with Section 34 — Murder — Sentencing Power of Trial/Sessions Court — Competency to pass Special Category Sentence excluding Remission — Trial Court convicted appellants for murder and sentenced them to life imprisonment with a specific direction that they shall "remain in prison till rest of their life" — High Court affirmed the conviction and sentence without examining the competence of the Trial Court to pass such a direction — Held: While IPC Section India Law Library Docid # 2453436
(123) M/S. L.B. KUNJIR THR. ITS PARTNER SHRI. AMIT L. KUNJIR AND OTHERS Vs. THE STATE OF MAHARASHTRA AND OTHERS[BOMBAY HIGH COURT] 24-09-2026 Maharashtra Regional and Town Planning Act, 1966 — Section 126(1)(b) — Indian Contract Act, 1872 — Sections 2 and 10 — Land acquisition — Concluded contract — Surrender of land for FSI/TDR — Municipal Corporation sought possession of land reserved for road widening, offering compensation via FSI/TDR or cash — Landowner executed possession receipt voluntarily handing over land on the express condition of receiving compensation in the form of FSI/TDR — Requisition followed by unequivocal written a India Law Library Docid # 2453456
(124) KU. JYOTI D/O TULSHIRAMJI DONGE Vs. MUNICIPAL COUNCIL AND ANOTHER[BOMBAY HIGH COURT] 24-09-2026 Constitution of India, 1950 — Article 226 — Scheduled Tribes — Caste/Tribe Validity — Probative value of pre-Constitution documents — Petitioner claimed status of 'Thakur' Scheduled Tribe relying on birth and death extracts of 1913, 1944 and school admission records of 1949 of paternal ancestors — Held, pre-Constitution documents possess the highest probative value since reservations did not exist prior to 1950 — Where genuine and authentic pre-constitutional documents clearly record the caste a India Law Library Docid # 2453467
(125) DR. OMPRAKASH B. SONIMINDE AND ANOTHER Vs. LE CHATEAU CO-OPERATIVE HOUSING SOCIETY LIMITED AND OTHERS[BOMBAY HIGH COURT] 24-09-2026 Co-operative Societies — Allotment of Additional Flats — Default by Member — Arbitrary Transfer to Contractor — Society resolved to construct additional flats via TDR/FSI for allotment exclusively to existing members — Petitioners defaulted on contribution, leading the society to allot their flats directly to directors of the contractor to satisfy outstanding bills — Held, such allotment to directors of the contractor, who were relatives of dominant members, was illegal and arbitrary — Proper co India Law Library Docid # 2453478
(126) 'R' Vs. 'E' AND ANOTHER[SUPREME COURT OF INDIA] 24-09-2026 Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012 (POCSO) — Section 10 — Penal Code, 1860 (IPC) — Sections 323, 504, 506 and 34 — Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015 — Section 75 — Allegation of sexual harassment/assault against biological father during ongoing matrimonial and child custody dispute — Criminal proceedings initiated via FIR — Investigation transferred to Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) with aid of an expert committee comprising child/adolescent p India Law Library Docid # 2453323
(127) FOUNDATION FOR INNOVATION AND RESEARCH IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FIRST Vs. DEEP ALGORITHMS PVT LTD AND ANOTHER[DELHI HIGH COURT] 24-09-2026 Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 — Section 11(6) — Appointment of Sole Arbitrator — Share Purchase Agreement containing arbitration clause — Dispute arose regarding alleged breach of an adjustment clause requiring payment of differential amount upon subsequent transfer of shares at a higher price — Petitioner claimed non-payment and invoked arbitration — Given the limited scope of examination under Section 11, respondent No.2 consented to reference while reserving all rights and contention India Law Library Docid # 2453536
(128) VAASVI KHAITAN (MINOR) THR HER FATHER MR VEDANT KHAITAN Vs. AD-HOC COMMITTEE FOR THE GOVERNANCE OF EQUESTRIAN FEDERATION OF INDIA AND OTHERS[DELHI HIGH COURT] 24-09-2026 Sports Law — Equestrian Federation of India — Selection for Youth Olympic Games 2026 — Retrospective alteration of criteria — Appellant challenged the adoption of 08.05.2026 to 25.07.2026 as the selection window, claiming exclusion of earlier scores obtained since 08.11.2025 — Held, no document established 08.11.2025 as the opening date for final selection — Scores achieved earlier were relevant solely for obtaining the Certificate of Capability — Relying on the date of publication of the Select India Law Library Docid # 2453541
(129) RAJLA Vs. UNION OF INDIA[DELHI HIGH COURT] 24-09-2026 Limitation Act, 1963 — Section 5 — Condonation of delay — Railway Claims Tribunal Act, 1987 — Section 23 — Delay of 380 days in filing appeal — Sufficient cause — Appellants were poor, illiterate, belonged to economically weaker section, and lacked funds for timely legal advice — High Court observed that keeping in view the beneficial nature of the legislation and the liberal approach required in compensation matters, sufficient cause was shown for the delay — Application allowed and delay of 38 India Law Library Docid # 2453542
(130) SURYA DEEP GARG @ SURAJ GARG Vs. SMT. NEHA GARG AND OTHERS[DELHI HIGH COURT] 24-09-2026 Civil Procedure Code, 1908 — Order 7 Rule 11 — Limitation Act, 1963 — Article 58 — Transfer of Property Act, 1882 — Section 3 — Rejection of Plaint — Challenge to 2007 sale deed instituted after 16 years — Plaintiff had full knowledge of transaction since inception and title was denied around 2009-2010 — Suit held barred by limitation — Execution of subsequent registered sale deed in 2018 in favour of third parties does not reset the limitation period, as registration confers constructive notice India Law Library Docid # 2453543
(131) AASHIYA Vs. NATIONAL MEDICAL COMMISSION THROUGH ITS SECRETARY AND OTHERS[DELHI HIGH COURT] 24-09-2026 Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 — Sections 56, 57 and 59 — Guidelines on Assessment of Persons with Benchmark Disabilities for Admission to MBBS Course, 2026 — Clauses 2.4, 3.9, 9.2 and 9.3 — Medical Assessment Board — Scope of jurisdiction — Re-quantification of disability — Petitioners possessing valid UDID cards certifying permanent benchmark disabilities above 40% were re-assessed below 40% by Medical Assessment Boards, disentitling them to PwBD reservation despite being found India Law Library Docid # 2453544
(132) PUSHPENDRA Vs. STATE OF U.P.[ALLAHABAD HIGH COURT] 24-09-2026 Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 — Sections 80 and 85 — Meaning of "Husband" — Validity of divorce — Determination in criminal proceedings — Deceased separated from first husband via notarised compromise and cohabited with applicant as spouse under agreement — Applicant argued he was merely a live-in partner — Held, criminal courts cannot adjudicate the validity of customary divorce, which pertains to competent civil courts — Where parties cohabit as husband and wife with clear marital intent, the India Law Library Docid # 2453824
(133) CHOTU VERMA Vs. STATE OF U.P.[ALLAHABAD HIGH COURT] 24-09-2026 Indian Evidence Act, 1872 — Section 27 — Discovery of fact based on information received from accused — Essential requirements — Prosecution must establish that information emanated from accused while in police custody and led directly to discovery — Investigating Officer admitted the alleged murder weapon (axe) was produced by another witness and not discovered pursuant to any disclosure statement made by the appellant — Mere presence of human blood does not dispense with the statutory requirem India Law Library Docid # 2453825
(134) SUDHA AGARWAL Vs. STATE OF U.P. THRU. ADDL. CHIEF SECY. FOOD AND CIVIL SUPPLY, U.P. LUCKNOW AND OTHERS[ALLAHABAD HIGH COURT (LUCKNOW BENCH)] 24-09-2026 Administrative Law — Rent fixation for private godowns leased to State — Applicability of Government Order — Principle that what cannot be done directly cannot be done indirectly — Department leased petitioner's godowns in 2003 and 2006 — Subsequent Government Order dated 02.05.2018 capped rent enhancement at 20% for tenancies from 14.07.2015 — Respondents held the 2018 Order inapplicable to petitioner's pre-2015 tenancies, yet recalled the 2017 justification certificate and restricted rent to R India Law Library Docid # 2453826
(135) AVTAR SINGH AND ANOTHER Vs. SHIROMANI GURDWARA PRABANDHAK COMMITTEE[PUNJAB AND HARYANA HIGH COURT] 24-09-2026 Service Law — Departmental Enquiry — Retracted pre-charge-sheet confession — Reliability — Petitioners were dismissed from service based on alleged confessional statements made before a Flying Squad prior to issuance of charge-sheets — Petitioners disputed the statements in their replies, alleging coercion and duress — Held, a disputed and retracted pre-charge-sheet confession cannot by itself form the sole basis for recording a finding of guilt in a departmental enquiry — Quasi-judicial discipl India Law Library Docid # 2453985
(136) SURAJ ANAND VERMA Vs. STATE OF HARYANA[PUNJAB AND HARYANA HIGH COURT] 24-09-2026 Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 — Section 483 — Constitution of India, 1950 — Article 22(1) — Mandatory written communication of grounds of arrest — Prospective operation — The requirement directing arresting authorities to communicate grounds of arrest in writing, laid down in Mihir Rajesh Shah v. State of Maharashtra, applies prospectively from 06.11.2025. An accused arrested prior to that date cannot claim that the arrest was vitiated or seek regular bail on the ground that written g India Law Library Docid # 2453986
(137) VINOD KUMAR Vs. M/S ESCORTS LTD. AND ANOTHER[PUNJAB AND HARYANA HIGH COURT] 24-09-2026 Constitution of India, 1950 — Articles 226 and 227 — Scope of writ jurisdiction — Interference with Labour Court award — Writ Court does not sit in appeal over findings of fact recorded by the Labour Court — Interference is warranted only when findings are perverse, based on no evidence, or suffer from jurisdictional error or error of law — Mere possibility of another view on appreciation of evidence provides no ground for interference — Labour Court's finding that workman failed to prove contin India Law Library Docid # 2453987
(138) MALKIAT SINGH @ TAR Vs. STATE OF PUNJAB[PUNJAB AND HARYANA HIGH COURT] 24-09-2026 Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 — Sections 21-C, 27-A and 37 — Constitution of India, 1950 — Article 21 — Commercial quantity — Prolonged incarceration — Right to speedy trial — Overriding statutory embargo — Petitioner was in custody for over one year and six months, with none of the twelve prosecution witnesses examined — Held, right to a speedy trial under Article 21 is an essential fundamental right — Inordinate delay in trial not attributable to the accused dilutes the India Law Library Docid # 2453988
(139) RAMESH Vs. STATE OF HARYANA[PUNJAB AND HARYANA HIGH COURT] 24-09-2026 Penal Code, 1860 (IPC) — Sections 399 and 402 — Making preparation and assembly to commit dacoity — Proof.To establish an offence under Section 399 IPC, the prosecution must prove acts amounting to preparation towards committing dacoity beyond mere intention. Investigating Officer's testimony regarding overhearing the accused allocating specific roles to loot a bus remained unchallenged in cross-examination. Such conversation, coupled with the assembly of five accused in an abandoned octroi koth India Law Library Docid # 2453989
(140) RAKESH NAYYAR Vs. THE STATE BANK OF INDIA AND OTHERS[PUNJAB AND HARYANA HIGH COURT] 24-09-2026 Reserve Bank of India (Frauds Classification and Reporting by Commercial Banks and Select FIs) Directions, 2016 — Clauses 8.9.4 and 8.9.5 — Declaration of Loan Account as Fraud — Natural Justice — Audi Alteram Partem — Compliance with guidelines in SBI v. Rajesh Aggarwal — Bank served a comprehensive show-cause notice accompanied by the complete forensic audit report — Petitioner submitted a point-by-point reply — Review Committee meticulously examined objections, dropped one charge, and issued India Law Library Docid # 2453990